SEXUAL INTERCOURSE, REPRODUCTION: WHAT ARE BIRTH DEFECTS AND WHY DO THEY HAPPEN?
Sometimes babies are born with physical problems or handicaps, such as blindness, brain damage, heart or lung problems or deformed limbs. Because these problems are present at birth they are called birth defects. They may be caused by defects in the ovum or sperm, problems inherited from the mother or father, the mother being exposed to harmful drugs or X-rays during pregnancy, a disease the mother has during pregnancy, premature birth or problems with the baby not getting enough oxygen immediately after birth. There are also other, less common causes, and sometimes the cause of a birth defect is not known. Fortunately, birth defects are rare. Most babies are born completely healthy.
With all this talk about miscarriage, still births and birth defects, you may be feeling a little worried, especially if your mother or someone else you know is pregnant. But, as we explain to the boys and girls in our classes, the chances of these things happening are very small. A pregnant woman and her baby would be much more likely to be injured in a car accident than to have any of these problems. So, please relax, knowing that pregnancy and childbirth are normal, natural events, that they almost always go perfectly well and that babies are almost always born perfectly healthy!
Sometimes a woman will produce two ripe ova the same month. If each of these ova is fertilized by sperm, the woman will have fraternal twins.
At other times, a sperm may fertilize a single ripe ovum. Then, after fertilization, the ovum splits into two, and the woman will have identical twins.
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Tags: Men’s Health
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