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Clubfoot is a deformity of the foot which is present at birth. The baby’s foot is turned inward, with the inner edge turned upwards. The calf muscles may be poorly developed. This condition occurs in approximately 1 in 1000 births. The cause is uncertain, but the condition is probably due to an abnormality of the developing bones and ligaments. Talipes has a tendency to run in families.

The child with talipes should be referred to a paediatric orthopaedic surgeon. Treatment to correct the position of the foot is commenced soon after birth. Special splints or plaster casts are used to hold the foot in a straight position. Careful follow-up is essential, as the condition may recur. Surgery is sometimes necessary.

This condition is different from talipes calcaneovalgus (‘turned’ foot), which is more common and usually of no consequence. Here the toes are turned upwards towards the shin, and the whole foot is turned to the outside. This is the most common foot abnormality seen in the newborn. In the majority of cases, the condition corrects itself within 6 months and no treatment is required. Occasionally stretching and splinting are necessary. This condition is associated with congenital dislocation of the hips, so the hips must be carefully checked.

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Tags: General Health